Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness

Xufeng Zhang; XiaYu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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| Peer-Reviewed

Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness

Xufeng Zhang^*

, XiaYu

Published in Journal of Surgery (Volume 13, Issue 6)

Received: 21 November 2025 Accepted: 3 December 2025 Published: 31 December 2025

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Abstract

This review systematically analyzed the risk factors for perioperative vision loss (POVL) and temporary perioperative vision loss (TPOVL) from the perspectives of anatomy and pathophysiology in non-ophthalmic surgeries. The study confirmed that in cases of POVL, the prognosis of TPOVL is the best, because the damaging factors causing TPOVL are reversible and can heal on their own under medical intervention or without intervention, while POVL may lead to irreversible severe consequences because its damaging factors are irreversible. This article also summarizes the current effective treatment plans for individual cases. The conclusion emphasizes that the development of postoperative POVL has strong individual differences. Patients undergoing different surgeries not only share common perioperative POVL risk factors, but also have different risk characteristics and unique pathophysiological features. Personalized strategies should be developed based on the individual patient's condition and surgical method to control risk factors, thereby reducing the incidence of POVL or converting it into TPOVL, and ultimately achieving the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, in the future, with more data support, it may be possible to establish a risk prediction model for POVL and TPOVL, so that more precise medical interventions can be taken during the perioperative period to reduce the probability of occurrence of these two complications and evaluate the prognosis. This is one of our important future work directions.

Published in	Journal of Surgery (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
Page(s)	184-195
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Perioperative Visual Loss, Ischemia Optic Nerve, Surgical Operation, Cortical Blindness

References

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Zhang, X., XiaYu. (2025). Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. Journal of Surgery, 13(6), 184-195. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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Zhang, X.; XiaYu. Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. J. Surg. 2025, 13(6), 184-195. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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Zhang X, XiaYu. Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. J Surg. 2025;13(6):184-195. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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@article{10.11648/j.js.20251306.15,
  author = {Xufeng Zhang and XiaYu},
  title = {Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness},
  journal = {Journal of Surgery},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {184-195},
  doi = {10.11648/j.js.20251306.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20251306.15},
  abstract = {This review systematically analyzed the risk factors for perioperative vision loss (POVL) and temporary perioperative vision loss (TPOVL) from the perspectives of anatomy and pathophysiology in non-ophthalmic surgeries. The study confirmed that in cases of POVL, the prognosis of TPOVL is the best, because the damaging factors causing TPOVL are reversible and can heal on their own under medical intervention or without intervention, while POVL may lead to irreversible severe consequences because its damaging factors are irreversible. This article also summarizes the current effective treatment plans for individual cases. The conclusion emphasizes that the development of postoperative POVL has strong individual differences. Patients undergoing different surgeries not only share common perioperative POVL risk factors, but also have different risk characteristics and unique pathophysiological features. Personalized strategies should be developed based on the individual patient's condition and surgical method to control risk factors, thereby reducing the incidence of POVL or converting it into TPOVL, and ultimately achieving the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, in the future, with more data support, it may be possible to establish a risk prediction model for POVL and TPOVL, so that more precise medical interventions can be taken during the perioperative period to reduce the probability of occurrence of these two complications and evaluate the prognosis. This is one of our important future work directions.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness
AU  - Xufeng Zhang
AU  - XiaYu
Y1  - 2025/12/31
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
T2  - Journal of Surgery
JF  - Journal of Surgery
JO  - Journal of Surgery
SP  - 184
EP  - 195
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0930
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
AB  - This review systematically analyzed the risk factors for perioperative vision loss (POVL) and temporary perioperative vision loss (TPOVL) from the perspectives of anatomy and pathophysiology in non-ophthalmic surgeries. The study confirmed that in cases of POVL, the prognosis of TPOVL is the best, because the damaging factors causing TPOVL are reversible and can heal on their own under medical intervention or without intervention, while POVL may lead to irreversible severe consequences because its damaging factors are irreversible. This article also summarizes the current effective treatment plans for individual cases. The conclusion emphasizes that the development of postoperative POVL has strong individual differences. Patients undergoing different surgeries not only share common perioperative POVL risk factors, but also have different risk characteristics and unique pathophysiological features. Personalized strategies should be developed based on the individual patient's condition and surgical method to control risk factors, thereby reducing the incidence of POVL or converting it into TPOVL, and ultimately achieving the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, in the future, with more data support, it may be possible to establish a risk prediction model for POVL and TPOVL, so that more precise medical interventions can be taken during the perioperative period to reduce the probability of occurrence of these two complications and evaluate the prognosis. This is one of our important future work directions.
VL  - 13
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Xufeng Zhang

Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Forest Industry Group, Harbin, China

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http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7149-0575
XiaYu

Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated of Harbin of Medical University, Harbin, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-6554-8826

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Zhang, X., XiaYu. (2025). Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. Journal of Surgery, 13(6), 184-195. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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Zhang, X.; XiaYu. Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. J. Surg. 2025, 13(6), 184-195. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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Zhang X, XiaYu. Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness. J Surg. 2025;13(6):184-195. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15

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@article{10.11648/j.js.20251306.15,
  author = {Xufeng Zhang and XiaYu},
  title = {Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness},
  journal = {Journal of Surgery},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {184-195},
  doi = {10.11648/j.js.20251306.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20251306.15},
  abstract = {This review systematically analyzed the risk factors for perioperative vision loss (POVL) and temporary perioperative vision loss (TPOVL) from the perspectives of anatomy and pathophysiology in non-ophthalmic surgeries. The study confirmed that in cases of POVL, the prognosis of TPOVL is the best, because the damaging factors causing TPOVL are reversible and can heal on their own under medical intervention or without intervention, while POVL may lead to irreversible severe consequences because its damaging factors are irreversible. This article also summarizes the current effective treatment plans for individual cases. The conclusion emphasizes that the development of postoperative POVL has strong individual differences. Patients undergoing different surgeries not only share common perioperative POVL risk factors, but also have different risk characteristics and unique pathophysiological features. Personalized strategies should be developed based on the individual patient's condition and surgical method to control risk factors, thereby reducing the incidence of POVL or converting it into TPOVL, and ultimately achieving the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, in the future, with more data support, it may be possible to establish a risk prediction model for POVL and TPOVL, so that more precise medical interventions can be taken during the perioperative period to reduce the probability of occurrence of these two complications and evaluate the prognosis. This is one of our important future work directions.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Risk Factors and Some Treatment Plans for Permanent and Temporary Non-ocular Surgical Blindness
AU  - Xufeng Zhang
AU  - XiaYu
Y1  - 2025/12/31
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
T2  - Journal of Surgery
JF  - Journal of Surgery
JO  - Journal of Surgery
SP  - 184
EP  - 195
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0930
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20251306.15
AB  - This review systematically analyzed the risk factors for perioperative vision loss (POVL) and temporary perioperative vision loss (TPOVL) from the perspectives of anatomy and pathophysiology in non-ophthalmic surgeries. The study confirmed that in cases of POVL, the prognosis of TPOVL is the best, because the damaging factors causing TPOVL are reversible and can heal on their own under medical intervention or without intervention, while POVL may lead to irreversible severe consequences because its damaging factors are irreversible. This article also summarizes the current effective treatment plans for individual cases. The conclusion emphasizes that the development of postoperative POVL has strong individual differences. Patients undergoing different surgeries not only share common perioperative POVL risk factors, but also have different risk characteristics and unique pathophysiological features. Personalized strategies should be developed based on the individual patient's condition and surgical method to control risk factors, thereby reducing the incidence of POVL or converting it into TPOVL, and ultimately achieving the best therapeutic effect. At the same time, in the future, with more data support, it may be possible to establish a risk prediction model for POVL and TPOVL, so that more precise medical interventions can be taken during the perioperative period to reduce the probability of occurrence of these two complications and evaluate the prognosis. This is one of our important future work directions.
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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